He wāhanga nui te kohi toto mō ngā tātaritanga hauora, te aroturuki maimoatanga, me te rangahau. He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia he taputapu motuhake e mōhiotia ana ko tengira kohikohi totoHe mea nui te whiriwhiri i te ngira hei whakarite i te whakamarie o te tūroro, hei whakaiti i ngā raruraru, hei whiwhi hoki i tētahi tauira e tika ana hei tātaritanga. Ka tūhuratia e tēnei tuhinga ngā momo ngira kohi toto, ō rātou inenga noa, me ngā aratohu mō te whiriwhiri i te ngira e tika ana mō ngā āhuatanga motuhake.
Ngā Momo Ngira Kohikohi Toto
1. Ngā Ngira Tika(Ngā ngira werohanga veni)Ko ngā ngira tika te mea e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō te weronga toto. Ka tāpirihia ēnei ki tētahi pupuri hei pupuri i ngā ngongo korehau. He maha ngā whakamahinga o ēnei ngira, he pono, ā, he whānui te whakamahinga i roto i ngā wāhi haumanu. He tino pai ngā ngira tika mō te tango toto noa i ngā tūroro he ngāwari te uru atu ki ngā uaua.
2. Ngā ngira pūrerehua(Ngā Kete Werohanga Parirau)He ngira iti, ngāwari hoki ngā ngira pūrerehua, he parirau kirihou kei ia taha. He mea whakamahi noa ēnei hei tango toto mai i ngā uaua iti, pakarukaru rānei, pērā i ērā o ngā tūroro tamariki, kaumātua rānei. He pai ake te pupuri me te whakahaere o ngā parirau, he mea pai mō ngā pokanga uaua, mō ngā tūroro rānei he uaua te urunga ki ngā uaua.
3. Ngā ngira mō te whakamahi i te syringeKua hangaia ēnei ngira hei tāpiri ki ngā ngira hei kohi toto ā-ringa. He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia ina hiahiatia he whakahaere tika mō te rere o te toto, ina uaua rānei te uru atu ki ngā uaua.
4. Ngā RēmanaHe taputapu iti, koi ngā rākau werowero e whakamahia ana mō te kohi toto o ngā uaua toto. He mea tino pai mō ngā āhuatanga e hiahia ana kia iti te nui o te toto, pērā i te aroturuki i te huka toto, te rākau rānei i te rekereke o te pēpi hou.
5. Ngā Ngira MotuhakeKo ētahi ngira he mea hanga mō ngā mahi motuhake, pērā i te kohi toto uaua, te tuku toto rānei. Tērā pea he rerekē te rahi, te āhua, me ngā āhuatanga hoahoa o ēnei hei whakatutuki i ō rātou mahi ahurei.
Ngā Ine Ngira Noa mō te Venipuncture
Ko te ine o te ngira e pā ana ki tōna whānui, ā, ko ngā tau iti ake e tohu ana i ngā whānui nui ake. Ko ngā ine noa mō ngā ngira kohi toto ko:
- 21 Ine:Koinei te ine e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō te tango toto o ia rā. Ka whakaratohia he taurite i waenga i te tere rere o te tauira me te whakamarie o te tūroro.
- 22 Ine:He iti ake i te ine 21, he mea tino pai mō ngā tūroro he iti ake, he pakarukaru rānei ō rātou uaua, pērā i ngā tamariki, i ngā kaumātua rānei.
- 23 Ine:He mea whakamahi pinepine tēnei ine me ngā ngira pūrerehua, he mea pai mō ngā tūroro he uaua te urunga ki roto i ngā uaua, mō te tango toto rānei mai i ngā uaua iti ake.
- 25 Ine:E whakamahia ana mō ngā uaua tino ngoikore, engari kāore i te tino whakamahia mō te kohikohi toto noa nā te mea ka pāngia e te hemolysis me te puhoi ake o te rere o te toto.
- Ine 16-18:He ngira nui ēnei e whakamahia ana mō te koha toto, mō te tango toto rānei i te toto ina hiahiatia he rere tere o te toto.
Me pēhea te whiriwhiri i te ngira tika mō te tango toto
Ko te whiriwhiri i te ngira tika mō te kohi toto me whai whakaaro ki ētahi āhuatanga, tae atu ki te āhua o te tūroro, te urunga atu ki roto i te uaua, me te kaupapa o te kohi toto. Kei raro nei ētahi aratohu matua:
- Aromatawai i te Tūroro
- Tau me te Rahi o te Uaua:Mō ngā tamariki, kaumātua rānei he iti ake ō rātou uaua, he pai ake te whakamahi i te ngira 22-, 23 rānei te rahi. Mō ngā pēpi, he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia he ngira racet, he ngira pūrerehua rānei.
- Āhua o te uaua:Ko ngā uaua pakarukaru, kua koha, kua hurihuri rānei, me whakamahi pea he ngira iti ake, he ngira pūrerehua rānei hei whakahaere pai ake.
- Whakaarohia te nui o te toto e hiahiatia ana
- Ko ngā rahinga toto nui ake, pērā i ngā mea e hiahiatia ana mō te koha toto, me nui ake ngā ine (16-18 ine) kia pai ai te rere o te toto.
- Mō ngā whakamātautau tātaritanga o ia rā e hiahia ana ki ngā rahinga iti ake, he rawaka ngā ngira 21-, 22-ira rānei.
- Te Kaupapa o te Tātari Toto
- Mō te pokanga venipuncture paerewa, he rawaka te ngira tika me te rahi 21-gauge.
- Mō ngā tikanga motuhake, pērā i te kohikohinga hau toto uaua, whakamahia ngā ngira i hangaia mō taua kaupapa.
- Te Whakamarie o te Tūroro
- He mea nui te whakaiti i te mamae. Kāore i te tino mamae ngā ngira iti ake (hei tauira, 22, 23 rānei), ā, he pai ake mō ngā tūroro e mataku ana ki te ngira, e kiri tairongo rānei.
- Ngā Whakaaro Hangarau
- Mōrearea o te hemolysis: Ka whakanui ake ngā ngira iti i te mōrearea o te hemolysis (te whakangaromanga o ngā toto whero), ka pā pea ki ngā hua o te whakamātautau. Whakamahia te ine nui rawa atu e tika ana mō te uaua me te āhua o te tūroro.
- Ngāwari ki te Whakahaere: He nui ake te mana whakahaere o ngā ngira pūrerehua, he mea pai mō ngā kaimahi kāore i te tino mātau, mō ngā weronga venipuncture uaua rānei.
Ngā Tikanga Pai mō te Kohinga Toto
- Te whakarite:Whakaritea te wāhi i pangia ki te rongoā paturopi, ā, whakamahia he whitiki hei kimi i te uaua.
- Tikanga:Whakauruhia te ngira ki tētahi koki e tika ana (15-30 nekehanga te nuinga) ka whakarite kia mau te piri ki te pūnaha kohi.
- Te Whakawhitiwhiti Kōrero a te Tūroro:Whakamōhiotia te tūroro mō te tikanga hei whakamama i te manukanuka.
- Te Tiaki i Muri i te Tukanga:Pēhia te wāhi i werohia ai hei ārai i te marutanga, ā, kia tika ai te maka atu o ngā ngira ki roto i tētahi ipu koi.
Whakamutunga
He mea nui te whiriwhiri i te ngira kohi toto tika mō te angitu o te tikanga, te whakamarie o te tūroro, me te kounga o te tauira toto. Mā te mārama ki ngā momo, ngā inenga noa, me ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki te whiriwhiri ngira, ka taea e ngā tohunga hauora te whakapai ake i ā rātou mahi me te whakarato i te paerewa tiaki teitei. Mā te whakangungu tika me te piri ki ngā tikanga pai ka whakarite kia haumaru, kia whai hua hoki te kohi toto, hei painga mō ngā tūroro me ngā kaimahi.
Wā tuku: Hakihea-30-2024