I te tīmatanga o te huringa hangarau hou o te ao, kua pāngia te umanga hauora e ngā huringa nui. I te mutunga o te tekau tau atu i 1990, i raro i te papamuri o te koroheketanga o te ao me te pikinga ake o te hiahia o te tangata mō ngā ratonga hauora kounga teitei, ka taea e ngā karetao hauora te whakapai ake i te kounga o ngā ratonga hauora me te whakamama i te raruraru o te kore rawa o ngā rauemi hauora, kua arohia e te tini me te mano, ā, kua noho hei wāhi rangahau o nāianei.
Te ariā o ngā karetao hauora
Ko te karetao hauora he taputapu e whakahiato ana i ngā tikanga e rite ana ki ngā hiahia o te ao hauora, kātahi ka mahi i ngā mahi kua tohua, ka huri i ngā mahi hei nekehanga o te pūnaha whakahaere e ai ki te āhuatanga tūturu.
He nui te aro o tō tātou whenua ki te rangahau me te whanaketanga o ngā karetao hauora. He mea pai te rangahau, te whanaketanga me te whakamahinga o ngā karetao hauora ki te whakaiti i te koroheketanga o tō tātou whenua me te tere tipu haere o te hiahia o te tangata mō ngā ratonga hauora kounga teitei.
He mea nui ki te kāwanatanga te whakatairanga kaha i te whanaketanga o te hangarau karetao hauora, hei whakapai ake i te taumata pūtaiao me te hangarau o tō tātou whenua, hei waihanga i tētahi taumata auaha hangarau, hei kukume mai i ngā pūkenga pūtaiao me te hangarau matatau.
Mō ngā umanga, he ao whānui te aro o ngā karetao hauora ki ngā mahi i tēnei wā, ā, he whānui hoki ngā tūmanakohanga o te mākete. Mā te rangahau me te whakawhanake i ngā karetao hauora e ngā umanga ka taea te whakapai ake i te taumata hangarau me te whakataetae mākete o ngā umanga.
Mai i te tangata, ka taea e ngā karetao hauora te whakarato i ngā otinga hauora me te hauora tika, whai hua, me te whaiaro ki te tangata, ka tino whakapai ake i te kounga o te oranga o te tangata.
Ngā momo rerekē o ngā karetao hauora
E ai ki te tātaritanga tatauranga o ngā karetao hauora e te International Federation of Robotics (IFR), ka taea te wehewehe i ngā karetao hauora ki ngā wāhanga e whā e whai ake nei, kia rite ki ngā mahi rerekē:ngā karetao pokanga,ngā karetao whakaora, ngā karetao ratonga hauora me ngā karetao āwhina hauora.E ai ki ngā tatauranga kāore anō kia oti mai i te Qianzhan Industry Research Institute, i te tau 2019, ko ngā karetao whakaora te tuatahi i roto i te wāhanga mākete o ngā karetao hauora me te 41%, ko ngā karetao āwhina hauora te 26%, ā, kāore i tino rerekē te ōwehenga o ngā karetao ratonga hauora me ngā karetao pokanga. 17% me te 16% ia.
karetao pokanga
Ka whakauruhia e ngā karetao pokanga ngā momo hangarau hou, ā, e mōhiotia ana ko te taonga nui o te umanga karetao. Ki te whakatauritea ki ētahi atu karetao, he āhuatanga ngā karetao pokanga o te paepae hangarau teitei, te tino tika, me te uara tāpiri teitei. I ngā tau tata nei, he mārama ngā āhuatanga o ngā karetao pokanga wheua me te pokanga roro o ngā karetao pokanga o te whakaurunga ahumahi-whare wānanga-rangahau, ā, he maha ngā hua rangahau pūtaiao kua hurihia, kua whakamahia hoki. I tēnei wā, kua whakamahia ngā karetao pokanga i roto i ngā pokanga wheua, te pokanga roro, te pokanga ngākau, te mahi wahine me ētahi atu pokanga i Haina.
Kei te whakahaerehia tonutia te mākete karetao pokanga iti rawa te whakaekenga o Haina e ngā karetao kawemai. Ko te karetao pokanga Da Vinci te karetao pokanga iti rawa te whakaekenga angitu rawa atu i tēnei wā, ā, kua noho hei kaiārahi i te mākete karetao pokanga mai i tōna whakamanatanga e te US FDA i te tau 2000.
I te whanaketanga tonu o te hangarau, kei te ārahi ngā karetao pokanga i ngā pokanga iti rawa te whakaekenga ki tētahi wā hou, ā, kei te tere haere te whanaketanga o te mākete. E ai ki ngā raraunga a Trend Force, ko te rahi o te mākete karetao pokanga mamao o te ao i tata ki te US$3.8 piriona i te tau 2016, ā, ka piki ake ki te US$9.3 piriona i te tau 2021, me te tere tipu whakakotahi o te 19.3%.
Robot whakaora
I te pikinga ake o te ia o te kaumātuatanga puta noa i te ao, kei te tere haere te hiahia o te tangata mō ngā ratonga hauora kounga teitei, ā, kei te whānui haere tonu te āputa i waenga i te tuku me te tono mō ngā ratonga hauora. Ko te karetao whakaora te pūnaha karetao nui rawa atu i te mākete o roto i tēnei wā. Kua nui ake tōna wāhi mākete i ērā o ngā karetao pokanga. He iti ake tōna paepae hangarau me te utu i ngā karetao pokanga. E ai ki āna mahi, ka taea te wehewehe ki ngāngā karetao angaanga-wahomengā karetao whakangungu whakaora.
Ka whakauruhia e ngā karetao angaanga tangata ngā hangarau matatau pēnei i te pūoko, te whakahaere, te mōhiohio, me te rorohiko pūkoro hei whakarato i tētahi hanganga miihini ka taea te mau ki ngā kaiwhakahaere e taea ai e te karetao te āwhina takitahi, te āwhina rānei i ngā tūroro i roto i ngā mahi tahi me te āwhina hikoi.
Ko te karetao whakangungu whakaora he momo karetao hauora e āwhina ana i ngā tūroro i roto i ngā whakangungu whakaora whakakori tinana wawe. Kei roto i ana hua ko te karetao whakaora waewae o runga, te karetao whakaora waewae o raro, te tūru wīra atamai, te karetao whakangungu hauora taunekeneke, me ētahi atu. Ko te mākete teitei o ngā karetao whakangungu whakaora ā-rohe kei te whakahaerehia e ngā waitohu Pākehā me Amerika pērā i te Hononga o Amerika me Huiterangi, ā, kei te teitei tonu ngā utu.
Robot ratonga hauora
Ki te whakatauritea ki ngā karetao pokanga me ngā karetao whakaora, he iti noa iho ngā paearu hangarau o ngā karetao ratonga hauora, he tino hira te tūranga i roto i te ao hauora, ā, he whānui ngā huarahi tono. Hei tauira, ko ngā kōrerorero rongoā-māmā, te tiaki tūroro, te patu huakita i te hōhipera, te āwhina i ngā tūroro he iti te nekehanga, te tuku ota taiwhanga, me ētahi atu. I Haina, kei te kaha te rangahau a ngā kamupene hangarau pēnei i a HKUST Xunfei me Cheetah Mobile i ngā karetao ratonga hauora atamai.
Robot āwhina hauora
Ko te nuinga o ngā karetao āwhina hauora e whakamahia ana hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia hauora o te hunga he iti te nekehanga, he ngoikore rānei. Hei tauira, ko ngā karetao nēhi i whakawhanakehia ki tāwāhi ko te karetao rangatira "care-o-bot-3" i Tiamana, me te "Rober" me te "Resyone" i whakawhanakehia i Hapani. Ka taea e rātou te mahi i ngā mahi o te whare, he rite ki te maha o ngā kaimahi nēhi, ā, ka taea hoki te kōrero ki te tangata, ka whakarato i te whakamarie kare ā-roto mō ngā kaumātua e noho takitahi ana.
Hei tauira anō, ko te huarahi rangahau me te whanaketanga o ngā karetao hoa kāinga e aro nui ana ki te umanga hoa tamariki me te mātauranga kōhungahunga. Ko te mea matua ko te "ibotn Children's Companion Robot" i whakawhanakehia e Shenzhen Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd., e whakauru ana i ngā mahi matua e toru o te tiaki tamariki, te hoa tamariki me te mātauranga tamariki. Katoa i roto i te kotahi, ka hangaia he otinga kotahi-mutunga mō te hoa tamariki.
Te tirohanga whanaketanga o te umanga karetao hauora o Haina
Hangarau:Ko ngā wāhi rangahau matua o nāianei i roto i te umanga karetao hauora e rima ngā āhuatanga: te hoahoa arotau karetao, te hangarau whakatere pokanga, te hangarau whakauru pūnaha, te hangarau mahi tawhiti me te pokanga mamao, me te hangarau whakakotahi raraunga nui Ipurangi hauora. Ko te ia whanaketanga ā muri ake nei ko te motuhaketanga, te mohio, te whakaitiiti, te whakauru me te mamao. I taua wā anō, me whakapai tonu te tika, te iti o te whakaekenga, te haumaru me te pumau o ngā karetao.
Mākete:E ai ki te matapae a te Whakahaere Hauora o te Ao, ka tino kino te koroheketanga o te taupori o Haina i te tau 2050, ā, ka neke atu i te 60 tau te pakeke o te 35% o te taupori. Ka taea e ngā karetao hauora te tātari tika ake i ngā tohu o ngā tūroro, te whakaiti i ngā hapa whakahaere ā-ringa, me te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te hauora, ā, ka whakatauhia te raruraru o te korenga o ngā ratonga hauora ā-rohe, ā, he pai te tirohanga ki te mākete. E whakapono ana a Yang Guangzhong, he tohunga mātauranga o te Royal Academy of Engineering, ko ngā karetao hauora te mara tino whai hua i tēnei wā i roto i te mākete karetao ā-rohe. I te nuinga o te wā, i raro i te akiaki e rua ngā huarahi o te tuku me te tono, ka nui te wāhi tipu mākete o ngā karetao hauora o Haina a meake nei.
Ngā Tālena:Ko te tukanga rangahau me te whakawhanaketanga o ngā karetao hauora e uru ana ki te mātauranga rongoā, te pūtaiao rorohiko, te pūtaiao raraunga, te koiora-mīhini me ētahi atu kaupapa e pā ana, ā, kei te piki haere te hiahia mō ngā pūkenga maha-mātauranga me ngā papamuri maha-mātauranga. Kua tīmata hoki ētahi kāreti me ngā whare wānanga ki te tāpiri i ngā kaupapa matua me ngā tūāpapa rangahau pūtaiao e pā ana. Hei tauira, i te Hakihea 2017, i whakatūria e te Whare Wānanga Waka o Shanghai te Medical Robot Research Institute; i te tau 2018, i ārahi te Whare Wānanga o Tianjin i te tuku i te kaupapa matua o "Intelligent Medical Engineering"; i whakaaetia te kaupapa matua, ā, ko Haina te whenua tuatahi o te ao ki te whakatū i tētahi kaupapa matua paetahi motuhake hei whakangungu i ngā pūkenga hangarau whakaora.
Pūtea:E ai ki ngā tatauranga, tae noa ki te mutunga o te tau 2019, e 112 ngā kaupapa pūtea kua puta i te ao o ngā karetao hauora. Ko te nuinga o te wāhanga pūtea e aro ana ki te rauna A. Haunga ētahi kamupene he kotahi te pūtea neke atu i te 100 miriona yuan, ko te nuinga o ngā kaupapa karetao hauora he kotahi te pūtea, 10 miriona yuan te nui, ā, ko te nui o te pūtea o ngā kaupapa porowhita anahera ka tohatohahia i waenga i te 1 miriona yuan me te 10 miriona yuan.
I tēnei wā, neke atu i te 100 ngā kamupene tīmatanga karetao hauora i Haina, ko ētahi o ēnei he whakatakotoranga ahumahi o ngā kamupene karetao ahumahi, o ngā kamupene taputapu hauora rānei. Ā, kua tīmata kē ngā kamupene whakangao nui rongonui pērā i a ZhenFund, IDG Capital, TusHoldings Fund, me GGV Capital ki te whakatinana me te whakatere i tā rātou tere i roto i te ao karetao hauora. Kua tae mai te whanaketanga o te umanga karetao hauora, ā, ka haere tonu.
Wā tuku: Hanuere-06-2023