He aha te Hiranga o ngā Pūwero Mono Aunoa i roto i te Hauora

Mono aunoa i ngā ngirakua noho hei tetahi o ngā taputapu hauora tino nui i roto i te hauora o te ao, inā koa i roto i ngā kaupapa werohanga me te whakahaere mate. I hangaia hei ārai i te whakamahinga anō, ka tiakina e te werohanga aunoa te hunga tūroro me ngā kaimahi hauora mā te whakakore i te tūponotanga o te poke whakawhiti. E whakamārama ana tēnei tuhinga i te tikanga werohanga aunoa, ngā wāhanga matua, ngā painga, me te whakataurite ki ngā werohanga noa. Kei roto hoki ngā mōhiohio whai hua mō ngā kaihoko e rapu ana i tētahikaihanga ngira mono aunoa i Haina.

He aha te Pūwero Whakakore Aunoa?

Ko te ngira aukati aunoa (AD) he momo ngirangira haumaruka raka aunoa, ka whakakore rānei i a ia anō i muri i te whakamahinga kotahi. Kia pēhia rawatia te pūwero, kāore e taea te hutia anō te ngira. Mā tēnei tikanga ka ārai i te whakamahinga anō ā-tūpono, ā, ka tino whakaitihia te horapa o ngā mate toto pēnei i te HIV, te hepatitis B, me te hepatitis C.

E whakamahia whānuitia ana ngā ngira mono aunoa i roto i:

Ngā kaupapa werohanga papatipu
Te ārai mate auau
Te urupare ki ngā pakarutanga ohorere
Ngā kaupapa haumaru werohanga

E taunaki ana te Whakahaere Hauora o te Ao (WHO) i ngā ngira AD mō ngā tikanga werohanga katoa hei whakarite i te haumaru o ngā tūroro.

Tikanga Whakakore Aunoa mō te Syringe

Ko te āhuatanga matua o tētahiPūwero ADko tana pūnaha raka aunoa kua hangaia ki roto. Ahakoa he rerekē ngā hoahoa i waenga i ngā kaihanga, ko te tikanga kei roto i ngā pūnaha tētahi o ēnei:

1. Tikanga Pakaru-Raka

Ina pēhia katoatia te pūwero, ka "whati" te mowhiti raka, te topenga rānei i roto i te oko. Mā tēnei ka ārai i te nekehanga whakamuri, ā, kāore e taea te whakamahi anō.

2. Pūnaha Maukati Plunger

Ka mau te raka ā-ringa i te mutunga o te werohanga. Kia mau te raka, kāore e taea te hutia whakamuri te pūwero, ā, ka ārai i te whakakī anō, te mimiti rānei.

3. Tikanga Whakahoki Ngira

Kei roto i ētahi ngira AD matatau te tango aunoa i te ngira, ka hoki te ngira ki roto i te oko i muri i te whakamahinga. E rua ngā parenga e tukuna ana e tēnei:

Ārai i te whakamahinga anō
Ārai i ngā whara tūpono o te wero ngira

E kiia ana hoki tēnei momo he ngira haumaru ka taea te hoki whakamuri.

Ngā Wāhanga Pūwero Mono Aunoa

Ahakoa he rite ki ngā pūwero tuku-kore noa, kei roto i ngā pūwero AD ngā wāhanga motuhake e āhei ai te mahi whakakore-ā-unoa. Ko ngā wāhanga matua ko:

1. Pēra

He ngongo kirihou mārama me ngā tohu ine. He maha ngā wā ka whakauruhia te tikanga AD ki roto i te oko, ki tōna wāhanga o raro rānei.

2. Pūwero

Kei roto i te pūwero ngā āhuatanga raka motuhake, he wāhanga pakaru rānei hei whakahohe i te mahi whakakore i te wā e werohia ana.

3. Pakitara/Taupoki Rapa

Ka āta whakarite i te nekehanga maeneene me te pupuri tonu i te hiri piri.

4. Ngira (Kua Mau, kua Maukati-Luer rānei)

He maha ngā ngira AD e whakamahi ana i ngā ngira pumau hei ārai i te whakakapinga ngira, hei whakaiti hoki i te wāhi mate.

5. Mowhiti Maukati, Topenga Ā-roto rānei

Mā tēnei wāhanga nui ka taea te whakakore aunoa mā te aukati i te nekehanga whakamuri o te pūwero.

Monokia Aunoa te Pūwero me te Pūwero Noa

He mea nui ki ngā kaiwhakarato hauora me ngā kaihoko o te ao te mārama ki ngā rerekētanga i waenga i te ngira AD me te ngira tuku noa.

Ripanga 1:

Hei whakarāpopototanga, he haumaru ake ngā ngira mono aunoa, inā koa i ngā taiao kāore i te tino whakahaere i ngā para hauora, i ngā wāhi rānei he nui te mōrearea o te whakamahinga anō.

Ngā Painga o te Pūwero Mono Aunoa

He maha ngā painga haumanu, haumaru, me te ōhanga o te whakamahi i ngā pūwero AD:

1. Ārai i te Whakamahi Anō Katoa

Ko te painga nui ko te raka kua whakauruhia hei ārai i te whakakī anō i te ngira, ā, ka kore ai e horapa ngā mate pipiri.

2. Whakarei ake i te Haumaru mō ngā Kaimahi Hauora

Mā ngā hoahoa whiriwhiri ka taea te whakahoki me te tango i te ngira, ka tino whakaitihia te mōrearea o ngā whara werohia e te ngira.

3. E tutuki ana i ngā Paerewa a te WHO

E tutuki ana ngā ngira AD i ngā aratohu ā-ao mō te haumaru o te werohanga, ā, e tika ana mō ngā kaupapa werohanga ā-motu.

4. Whakaitihia ngā utu hauora tūmatanui

Mā te ārai i ngā pakarutanga mate i puta mai i ngā werohanga haumaru kore, ka āwhina ngā ngira AD ki te whakaiti i ngā whakapaunga hauora mō te wā roa.

5. He pai mō ngā Rohe Whakawhanake

I ngā wāhi e whakamahia whānuitia ana ngā taputapu hauora nā te iti o ngā rauemi, he otinga haumaru iti te utu, he nui hoki te pānga o ngā ngira AD.

He aha ngā take e whiriwhiri ai ngā kaihoko o te ao i ngā kaihanga pūwero whakakore aunoa i Haina

Ko Haina tētahi o ngā pokapū whakaputa nui rawa atu mō ngā taputapu hauora, tae atu ki ngā werowero aunoa. He maha ngā kaihanga werowero aunoa rongonui i Haina e tuku hua ana mō ngā mākete o te ao pērā i te Tonga-mā-rāwhiti o Āhia, Āwherika, Amerika ki te Tonga, me te Waenganui Rawhiti.

Ko ngā painga o te whiriwhiri i ngā kaihanga Hainamana ko:

Te kaha whakaputa nui
Utu whakataetae
Te tutuki i ngā paerewa ISO, CE, me WHO-PQ
Ngā rahi ka taea te whakarite (0.5 mL, 1 mL, 2 mL, 5 mL, me ētahi atu)
Ngā wā tere mō ngā ota kaweake

Me tirotiro tonu e ngā kaihoko ngā tiwhikete, ngā arotake wheketere, me ngā pūrongo whakamātautau hua i mua i te tuku ota papatipu.

Ngā Whakamahinga i roto i te Werohanga me te Hauora Tūmatanui

E whakamahia whānuitia ana ngā ngira mono aunoa i roto i:

Werohanga COVID-19
Te werohanga mō te rewharewha me te polio
Ngā kaupapa werohanga tamariki
Ngā wāhi mahi nekeneke me ngā kaupapa toro atu
Ngā kaupapa hauora tūmatanui e tautokona ana e ngā NGO

Nā te mea e tautoko ana i ngā mahi werohanga haumaru me te auau, ka āwhina ngā werohanga AD ki te whakapakari i ngā pūnaha hauora tuatahi puta noa i te ao.

Whakamutunga

An aukati aunoa i te werohangaHe pūwero haumaru nui te pūwero AD i hangaia hei ārai i te whakamahinga anō me te tiaki i ngā tūroro mai i te pangia whakawhiti. Mā ngā tikanga kua hangaia hei raka aunoa, hei whakakore rānei i te pūwero, ka whakaratohia e ngā pūwero AD he haumaru nui atu i ngā pūwero noa. Nā ō rātou painga—pērā i te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga a te WHO, te whakahaere mate, me te tiaki i ngā kaimahi hauora—he mea nui mō ngā kaupapa werohanga me te hauora tūmatanui.

I te pikinga ake o te tono o te ao, ko te hoko mai i tētahi kaihanga weronga aunoa pono i Haina ka whakarite kia haumaru, kia kounga, kia whai hua hoki te tuku. Mō tētahi whare hauora, NGO, kaituku rānei, ko te haumi ki ngā weronga aunoa he taahiraa whai hua ki te whakarei ake i te haumaru weronga me te whakaiti i ngā mōrearea hauora tūmatanui.